27 Jul 1609 – Wreck of the Sea Venture

Stephen HOPKINS was the only Mayflower passenger who had previously been to the New World. His adventures included surviving a the Sea Venture’s 1609 shipwreck [ including being pardoned for mutiny!]  in Bermuda and working from 1610–14 in Jamestown as well as knowing the legendary Pocahontas, who married John Rolfe, a fellow Bermuda castaway. Some Shakespearean scholars believe he was the model for the rogue Stephano in the Tempest.

On Jun  2 1609, the Sea Venture, under the command of Sir George Somers, admiral of the fleet, with Christopher Newport as captain and Sir Thomas Gates, Governor of the colony, departed from Plymouth, England followed by the rest of the Virginia Company’s fleet, the Falcon,Diamond, Swallow, Unity, Blessing, Lion, and two smaller ships.

Hodges writes,

“For seven weeks the ships stayed within sight of each other, often within earshot, and captains called to one another by way of trumpets. On the Sea Venture all was peaceful. Morning and evening, Chaplain Buck and Clerk Hopkins gathered the passengers and crew on deck for prayers and the singing of a psalm.”

The ships were only eight days from the coast of Virginia, when they were suddenly caught in a hurricane, and the Sea Venture became separated from the rest of the fleet.  The Sea Venture fought the storm for three days. Comparably sized ships had survived such weather, but the Sea Venture had a critical flaw in her newness: her timbers had not set. The caulking was forced from between them, and the ship began to leak rapidly. All hands were applied to bailing, but water continued to rise in the hold. The ship’s guns were reportedly jettisoned (though two were salvaged from the wreck in 1612) to raise her buoyancy, but this only delayed the inevitable.

William Strachey chronicled the Sea Venture’s final days:

“On St. James Day, being Monday, the clouds gathering thick upon us and the wind singing and whistling most unusually, a dreadful storm and hideous began to blow from out the northeast, which, swelling and roaring as it were by fits, at length did beat all night from Heaven; which like a hell of darkness, turned black upon us . . . For four-and-twenty hours the storm in a restless tumult had blown so exceedingly as we could not apprehend in our imaginations any possibility of greater violence; yet did we still find it not only more terrible but more constant, fury added to fury, and one storm urging a second more outrageous than the former . . . It could not be said to rain. The waters like whole rivers did flood in the air. Winds and seas were as mad as fury and rage could make them. Howbeit this was not all. It pleased God to bring greater affliction yet upon us; for in the beginning of the storm we had received likewise a mighty leak.”

The ship had begun to take on water and every man who could be spared went below to plug the leaks and work the pumps. The men worked in waist-deep water for four days and nights, but by Friday morning they were exhausted and gave up.

Another chronicler, Silvester Jourdain, wrote that some of the men,

“having some good and comfortable waters [gin and brandy] in the ship, fetched them and drunk one to the other, taking their last leave one of the other until their more joyful and happy meeting in a more blessed world.”

Then there was a crash and the Sea Venture began to split seam by seam as the water rushed in. Jourdain continues:

“And there neither did our ship sink but, more fortunately in so great a misfortune, fell in between two rocks, where she was fast lodged and locked for further budging; whereby we gained not only sufficient time, with the present help of our boat and skiff, safely to set and convey our men ashore . . . “

The Sea Venture had been thrown upon a reef about a mile from Bermuda, then known as the “Isle of the Devils.” Those who could swim lowered themselves into the waves and grasped wooden boxes, debris, or anything that would keep their heads above water. Stephen made it to shore clutching a barrel of wine. The entire crew, including the ship’s dog, survived.

As it turned out, the Sea Venture did not break apart and the men were able to retrieve the tools, food, clothing, muskets, and everything that meant their survival. Most of the ship’s structure also remained, so using the wreckage and native cedar trees, the 150 castaways immediately set about building two new boats so that they could complete their voyage to Jamestown.

The ship’s longboat was fitted with a mast and sent to Virginia for help, but it and its crew were never seen again.

The men were pleasantly surprised to find that the island’s climate was agreeable, food plentiful, and shelters easily constructed from cedar wood and palm leaves. The Isle of the Devils, turned out to be paradise, and a few began to wonder why they should leave.

Strachey recounts that some of the sailors, who had been to Jamestown with the Second Supply, stated that

“in Virginia nothing but wretchedness and labor must be expected, there being neither fish, flesh, or fowl which here at ease and pleasure might be enjoyed.”

The first attempt at mutiny was made by Nicholas Bennit who “made much profession of Scripture” and was described by Strachey as a “mutinous and dissembling Imposter.” Bennit and five other men escaped into the woods, but were captured and banished to one of the distant islands. The banished men soon found that life on the solitary island was not altogether desirable and humbly petitioned for a pardon, which they received. But the clemency of the Governor only encouraged the spirit of mutiny.

William Strachey notes that while Stephen HOPKINS was very religious, he was contentious and defiant of authority and had enough learning to wrest leadership from others. On January 24, while on a break with Samuel Sharpe and Humfrey Reede, Stephen argued:

“. . . it was no breach of honesty, conscience, nor Religion to decline from the obedience of the Governor or refuse to goe any further led by his authority (except it so pleased themselves) since the authority ceased when the wracke was committed, and, with it, they were all then freed from the government of any man . . .[there] were two apparent reasons to stay them even in this place; first, abundance of God’s providence of all manner of good foode; next, some hope in reasonable time, when they might grow weary of the place, to build a small Barke, with the skill and help of the aforesaid Nicholas Bennit, whom they insinuated to them to be of the conspiracy, that so might get cleere from hence at their own pleasures . . . when in Virginia, the first would be assuredly wanting, and they might well feare to be detained in that Countrie by the authority of the Commander thereof, and their whole life to serve the turnes of the Adventurers with their travailes and labors. “

The mutiny was brought to a quick end when Sharpe and Reede reported Stephen to Sir Thomas Gates who immediately put him under guard. That evening, at the tolling of a bell, the entire company assembled and witnessed Stephen’s trial:

“. . . the Prisoner was brought forth in manacles, and both accused, and suffered to make at large, to every particular, his answere; which was onely full of sorrow and teares, pleading simplicity, and deniall. But he being onely found, at this time, both the, Captaine and the follower of this Mutinie, and generally held worthy to satisfie the punishment of his offence, with the sacrifice of his life, our Governour passed the sentence of a Maritiall Court upon him, such as belongs to Mutinie and Rebellion. But so penitent hee was, and made so much moane, alleadging the ruine of his Wife and Children in this his trespasse, as it wrought in the hearts of all the better sorts of the Company, who therefore with humble entreaties, and earnest supplications, went unto our Governor, whom they besought (as likewise did Captaine Newport, and my selfe) and never left him untill we had got his pardon.”

Stephen begged and moaned about the ruin of his wife and children, and was pardoned out of sympathy.  After pleading his way out of a hanging, Stephen continued his duties as Minister’s Clerk and worked quietly with the others to finish the construction of the ships from Bermuda cedar and materials salvaged from the Sea Venture, especially her rigging.

Some members of the expedition died in Bermuda before the Deliverance and the Patienceset sail on 10 May 1610. Among those left buried in Bermuda were the wife and child of John Rolfe, who would found Virginia’s tobacco industry, and find a new wife in Chief Powhatan‘s daughter Matoaka (Pocahontas). Two men, Carter and Waters, were left behind; they had been convicted of unknown offences, and fled into the woods of Bermuda to escape punishment and execution. 

On May 10, 1610, the men boarded the newly built Deliverance and Patience and set out for Virginia. They arrived in Jamestown on May 24, almost a full year after they had left England.

The Tempest 
The story of the Sea Venture shipwreck (and Hopkins’ mutiny) is said to be the inspiration for The Tempest by William Shakespeare. Stephen Hopkins is said to be the model for the character Stephano.

22 Jul 1620  – Speedwell
William RING had been aboard the  sister ship to the Mayflower, intending to voyage across the Atlantic in 1620. William was, however, among the passengers who could not fit aboard the Mayflower when the Speedwell was deemed unseaworthy. When the “Speedwell” sailed from Delfthaven on July 22, 1620, William was aboard. At Dartmouth, on August 17th, after leaks forced the ship into port, agent Robert Cushman wrote that “Poor William Ring and myself do strive who shall be meat first for the fishes, but we look for a glorious resurection.” When the “Mayflower” set out alone on September 6th, neither William nor Mary were aboard. William returned to Leiden and died there sometime between 1620 and 1629.  Mary emigrated as a widow 9 years later on the Second Mayflower (see below)

Thomas BLOSSOM (1580 -1633)  began the journey in the Speedwell, sister ship of the famous Mayflower, but when the Speedwell had to turn back, Thomas returned to Leiden.  After Pastor Robinson died, in 1625, Thomas Blossom wrote sorrowfully to Governor  William Bradford of this event and of the distress of the church, and strenuous efforts were put forth by the Pilgrim congregation to bring over to America the remainder of the parent Society in Leyden.   Thomas and his family later arrived in Plymouth Colony on the second  Mayflower in 1629.   He was named Deacon of the Church at Plymouth and and was called “a holy man and experienced Saint”.   He died of smallpox in 1633.

Robert CUSHMAN (1578 – 1625)  was a Pilgrim leader and made arrangements for the Leiden congregation to immigrate to North America. He did not complete the initial trip to the New World with the other Pilgrims on board the Mayflower, as the ship he was travelling on, the Speedwell, developed leaks and had to return to England. He instead took the Fortune to the New World the next year.

In 1620, Francis COOKE, his son John, and nephew Philippe de Lannoy boarded Speedwell at Delftshaven. Francis left Hester and their younger children behind to follow when the colony was established. The Leiden Separatists bought the ship in Holland. They then sailed it to Southampton, England to meet the Mayflower, which had been chartered by the merchant investors. In Southampton they joined with other Separatists and the additional colonists hired by the investors.

George Giddings arrived with servants Thomas CARTER 25, Michael Willmson 30, and Elizabeth Morrison 12, cert. from St. Albans, Herts, Eng., came in the Planter April 2, 1635.  Settled at Ipswich; propr.; frm. Sept. 7, 1638

The two ships began the voyage on 5 Aug 1620, but the Speedwell leaked badly and had to return to Dartmouth to be refitted at great expense and time. On the second attempt, the two ships sailed about 100 leagues beyond Land’s End in Cornwall, but the Speedwell was again found to be leaky. Both vessels returned to Plymouth where the Speedwell was sold. It would later be revealed that there was in fact nothing wrong with the ship. The crew had sabotaged it in order to escape the year long commitment of their contract.

1620 – Mayflower –  List of Mayflower Passengers

John CLARK He was the pilot of the Mayflower and while the Pilgrims were exploring Cape Cod and Plymouth Harbor in their shallop, he brought them safely ashore at an Island, which is to this day known as Clark’s Island.  There the Pilgrims celebrated their first Sabbath.  Click for Google Map’s Satellite View of Clark’s Island  .

When the colonists landed at Plymouth, Elder William BREWSTER became the senior elder of the colony, serving as its religious leader and as an adviser to Governor William Bradford. As the only university educated member of the colony, Brewster took the part of the colony’s religious leader until a pastor, Ralph Smith, arrived in 1629.

Stephen HOPKINS  (Wiki),was the only Mayflower passenger who had previously been to the New World.  His adventures  included surviving a the  Sea Venture’s  1609 shipwreck in Bermuda  and working from 1610–14 in Jamestown as well as knowing the legendary Pocahontas, who married John Rolfe, a fellow Bermuda castaway.  Some Shakespearean scholars believe he was the model for the rogue Stephano in the Tempest.

Constance HOPKINS   (Wiki) is the central character in Patricia Clapp’s young adult novel Constance: A Story of Early Plymouth.  It must be a popular book as I found three different cover portraits.

The second daughter of Stephen HOPKINS by his first wife, Mary.   Constance, at the age of fourteen, along with her father and his second wife Elizabeth (Fisher), accompanied by brother Giles, half-sister Damaris as well as two servants   Edward Doty and Edward Lester were passengers on the Mayflower .  Constance married Nicholas SNOW, shortly before the 1627 division of cattle.

Eleven people from the Speedwell (including Francis COOKE and his son John ) boarded the Mayflower, leaving 20 people (including Robert Cushman and Philippe de Lannoy) to return to London while a combined company of 103 continued the voyage. For a third time, the Mayflower headed for the New World. She left Plymouth on September 6, 1620 and entered Cape Cod Harbor on 11 Nov 1620.

At the age of 21, John HOWLAND was employed by John Carver, a Puritan minister who joined with William Bradford in bringing his congregation from Leiden, Netherlands to the New World.  Howland, while formally a servant, was in fact Carver’s assistant in managing the migration.

The arduous voyage very nearly ended his life as he was thrown overboard in turbulent seas, but managed to grab a topsail halyard that was trailing in the water and was hauled back aboard safely.  The following account describing this incidence was written by William Bradford, political leader of the Pilgrim Colony:

“In sundry of these storms the winds were so fierce and the seas so high, as they could not bear a knot of sail, but were forced to hull for divers days together. And in one of them, as they thus lay at hull in a mighty storm, a lusty young man called John Howland, coming upon some occasion above the gratings was, with a seele of the ship, thrown into the sea; but it pleased God that he caught hold of the topsail halyards which hung overboard and ran out at length. Yet he held his hold (though he was sundry fathoms under water) till he was hauled up by the same rope to the brim of the water, and then with boat hook and other means got into the ship again and his life saved. And though he was something ill with it, yet he lived many years after and became a profitable member both in church and commonwealth.”

John TILLEY and his wife Joan embarked on the Mayflower along with their teenage daughter Elizabeth Tilley Howland and John’s brother Edward and his wife Ann. Edward and Ann brought along Ann’s relatives Henry Sampson and Humility Cooper. They left behind their older children, who were married by this time. They arrived at what would become Plymouth in November. John and brother Edward were amongst the men who signed the Mayflower Compact.

Unfortunately, the first winter after their arrival was extremely difficult and a number of the settlers died. Amongst these were John, wife Joan, brother Edward, and sister-in-law Ann. William Bradford reported, “…Edward Tillie, and his wife both dyed soon after their arrivall; and the girle Humility their cousen, was sent for unto Ento England, and dyed ther But the youth Henery Sampson, is still liveing, and is married, & hath .7. children. John Tilley and his wife both dyed, a litle after they came ashore…” This left daughter Elizabeth the only surviving member of the Tilley family in America. The orphan was taken in by John Carver but he and his wife both died that spring. Elizabeth later married John HOWLAND, Carver’s former servant, and became our ancestor.

The Mayflower was originally bound for the mouth of the Hudson River, in land granted in a patent from the Crown to the London Virginia Company. Storms during the crossing, including the one that blew Howland overboard, caused the Mayflower to land farther north, in what is now Massachusetts. This inspired some of the “strangers” to proclaim that since the settlement would not be made in the agreed-upon Virginia territory, they “would use their own liberty; for none had power to command them….” To prevent this, many of the other colonists decided to establish a government and memorialized the event with the drafting of the Mayflower Compact, of which Howland was the 13th of the 41 signers.

1621 – Fortune – Master Thomas Barton

The “Fortune,” a small ship carrying only 35 passengers, left England in July 1621 and didn’t arrive at Plymouth until November 10th of that year. On arrival they found that half the “Mayflower” passengers had not made it through their first winter in Plymouth and had died. The “Fortune” sailed back to England carrying a “cargo of good clapboard as full as she could stow, and two hogsheads of beaver and other skins” which showed the great potential for settling in America, and the hopes of selling this cargo and ensuring future settlement at Plymouth. Unfortunately, before reaching port in England, the ship was stopped by the French who seized the cargo and that intended profit for the small colony back in Plymouth was lost

The Fortune was a much smaller ship than the Mayflower; only some 55 tons compared to 350 tons. The company in England, the Dorchester Company that is, sent the Fortune as a relief ship for the pilgrims. The Mayflower had been expected to return to England filled with valuables from the New World. The company was to have sent another large vessel with supplies the Pilgrims were sure to be in need of. The Fortune however, was too small to carry anything more than what was needed for the journey. As a result, the Pilgrims had to wait to receive any relief.

The Mayflower was kept tied up there all through the first winter to provide shelter. Even then, half the pilgrims died during that first winter of exposure and starvation. Once the cold had gone, the Mayflower set sail for England with her holds empty. This did not make the company happy at all and produced the small relief effort on the Fortune.

The Mayflower journey to Plymouth had been a commercial venture. It was actually the only way the pilgrims could secure passage. They had to agree to work for the company once there, for several years. This they did. They regularly sent portions of their crops back to England.

The Fortune carried only twenty-one passengers. These were not pilgrims themselves. In fact, the company had hired them specifically because they were adventurers. They had agreed to locate treasure and this they would share with the company. The company sent with them, instructions for the pilgrims to follow (which they did). The pilgrims were to house these men, and care for them.

On the return voyage to England, the Fortune left Plymouth empty and traveled south to Jamestown, Va. where it took on cargo (such as it was) for England. On the crossing, the Fortune had been blown off course and found itself in French waters where the French navy captured the unarmed ship and held it and crew captive for several weeks. Once the French realized the English would never pay for their freedom, they took what cargo was aboard and allowed the ship and crew to continue the voyage to England.

This passenger list is based on the 1623 Division of Land, the passenger list compiled by Charles Edward Banks in Planters of the Commonwealth, and by the information found in Eugene Aubrey Stratton’s Plymouth Colony: Its History and its People, 1620-1691.

– Gov. Thomas PRENCE arrived  in Plymouth on 9 Nov 1621, just a few days after the first Thanksgiving. William BASSETT,   William  HILTON Sr. and his brother Edward, Robert CUSHMAN and his son Thomas CUSHMAN (age 14), George ALLEN’s son-in-law Clement Briggs and  Elder William BREWSTER’s son Jonathan were also aboard, .

Jul 1623 – Anne–
The Anne and the Little James left London, England with her Master, William Peirce, and arrived in Plymouth June or July of 1623, carrying   forty-two adult passengers, besides children many family members left behind from the Mayflower and The Fortune.

Thomas CLARKE brought with him considerable property, especially cattle, and had land allotted to him near Eel River, now Chiltonville.  He has been suggested as son of John Clark, pilot of the Mayflower, who gave his name to Clark’s island, of which he took possession, December 8, 1620.  The Great Migration Begins, states “the hypothesis is very attractive, and was accepted by [Donald Lines] Jacobus, but remains under proven.”
Edward BANGS arrived in Plymouth on with three unnamed family members.
Patience BREWSTER (PRENCE)  and William HILTON Jr. and his mother were also passengers on the Anne.

After the Mayflower sailed, Thomas was financial agent at London for the Pilgrims and  continued to orchestrate business affairs in Europe and London for their cause, arranging for the 1622 publication of, and perhaps helping write, Mourt’s Relation. In 1623 George MORTON himself emigrated on the shipAnn to Plymouth Colony with his wife Juliana Carpenter and her sister, Alice Southworth, who was to become the second wife of Governor William Bradford.

Nicholas SNOW arrived in Plymouth on the “Anne” in 1623. He married about  1 Jun 1627 in Plymouth, Plymouth Colony to Constance HOPKINS. He was among the first settlers of Eastham, in 1644.

Lt.  Ephraim MORTON was born in 1623 on the Ann on  the passage to Plymouth Colony.

Hester le Mahieu Cooke and their daughters Jane and Elizabeth and son Jacob arrived on the Anne in 1623.

The Little James and the Anne were third and fourth arrivals following the Mayflower and the Fortune.   The Little John  and the Anne arrived at Plymouth a week apart during the summer of 1623 to find a tiny settlement decimated by illness. Its survivors had struggled to endure many hardships, clinging to the beliefs which had led them to America in search of freedom and self-determination. Tensions eased. Friends, family members and other new settlers were welcomed. Much needed provisions were unloaded Governor William Bradford tells of the ship’s arrival in Plymouth :

“About fourteen days after came in this ship, called the Anne, whereof  Mr. William Peirce was master; and about a week or ten days after came in the pinnace which, in foul weather, they lost at sea, a fine, new vessel of about 44 tun, which the Company had built to stay in the country. They brought about 60 persons for the General, some of them being very useful persons and became good members to the body; and some were the wives and children of such as were here already.”

30 Jun 1629  – Lyons’s Whelp The Talbot and the Lion’s Whelp sailed from Gravesend on Saturday, April 25, 1629, at seven o’clock in the morning,  On Tuesday, June 30, Governor Endecott went on board the Talbot, bade the passengers welcome to Salem.

Thomas MINER was onboard, a young man of 21.  His name does not appear  Alternatively, he arrived on the John Winthrop’s flag ship Arabella.

Simon HOYT came to America aboard the Lions Whelp. He landed at Salem in 1628 or 1629, and shortly afterward went to Charlestown, Mass. to live, as one of the first settlers.

Now in this year 1629, a great company of people (The Higginson Fleet) of good rank, zeal, means and quality have made a great stock, and with six good ships in the months of April and May, they set sail from Thames for the Bay of the Massachusetts, otherwise called Charles River.  The fleet consisted of, the George Bonaventure of twenty pieces of ordnance; the Talbot nineteen; the Lion’s Whelp eight; the Mayflower fourteen; the Four sisters fourteen and the Pilgrim four, with 350 men women and children, also 115 head of cattle, as horses, mares, cows and oxen, 41 goats, some conies (rabbits), with all provision for household and apparel, 6 pieces of great ordnance for a fort, with muskets, pikes, corselets, drums, colors, and with all provisions necessary for a plantation for the good of man.”  (The True Travels, Adventures and Observations of Captain John Smith – London 1630)

I found a Journal of the Voyage, kept by Rev. Francis Higginson, London, 1630.  It’s a dramatic tale of sea sickness, whales, gales, icebergs and small pox among the passengers.  However, only one sickly girl and one man already sick of consumption died on the voyag.  “By noon of Friday, they were within three leagues of Cape Ann; and as they sailed along the coast saw “every hill and dale and every island full of gay woods and high trees.  An increased longing for the new world came upon them as they saw the woods and flowers. Saturday night, June 27, they anchored at the old fishing station at Cape Ann. Some of the men went upon the little island in the harbor, and brought back ripe strawberries and gooseberries and sweet single roses. This was the first taste of the fruit of the new land.”

June 1629 – Four Sisters
The Four Sisters, left Gravesend, England April 5, 1629 along with the Higginson Fleet, five other ships, George Bonaventure, Lyon, Lyon’s Whelp, the Mayflower and the Talbot, arriving  in Salem June 1629.

Our ancestors on board include Walter PALMER,  and his children Jonah PALMER and Grace PALMER MINER.  None of Walter Palmer’s children are listed in any known passenger list, nor is the name of his wife.  It is assumed that his wife died before he left England and that his first five children accompanied him.

15 May 1629 – Second Mayflower
Mary Durrant Ring was a member of the Leiden Separatist community.   She arrived in Plymouth as a widow with her daughter Elizabeth RING CLARKE  on the second Mayflower, which sailed from Gravesend in March, and landed at Salem MA.  bringing 35 passengers, several of whom were from the Pilgrim colony which had been living for a number of years in the Netherlands including Thomas BLOSSOM and his family.   This was not the same ship that made the original voyage with the first settlers. This voyage began in May and reached Plymouth in August. This ship also made the crossing from England to America in 1630, 1633, 1634, and 1639. It attempted the trip again in 1641, departing London in October of that year under master John Cole, with 140 passengers bound for Virginia. It never arrived. On Oct 18, 1642 a deposition was made in England regarding the loss.

1630 – Mary and John I

Winthrop Fleet – Great Migration Mar 1630

John MASTERS, Jane Cox Masters and their children’s names are from the passenger list of the Arbella and from his will.

William CHASE Sr, his wife Mary and son William CHASE Jr. emigrated in 1630 in the Great Migration with Gov Winthrop.

A wealthy group of leaders obtained a Royal Charter in March 1629 for a colony at Massachusetts Bay.  A fleet of five ships departed within the month for New England that included approximately 300 colonists, led by Francis HIGGINSON However, the colony leaders and the bulk of the colonists remained in England for the time being, to plan more thoroughly for the success of the new colony. Later that year, the group who remained in England elected John Winthrop to be Governor of the Fleet and the Colony. Over the ensuing winter, the leaders recruited a large group of Puritan families, representing all manner of skilled labor, to ensure a robust colony.

The total count of passengers is believed to be about seven hundred, and presumed to have included the following people. Financing was by the Mass. Bay Company. The ships were the Arbella flagship with Capt Peter Milburne, the Ambrose, the Charles, theMayflower, the Jewel, the Hopewell, The Success, the Trial, the Whale, the Talbot and the William and Francis.

The group departed Yarmouth, Isle of Wight on April 8.  Seven hundred men, women, and children were distributed among the ships of the fleet.  Because Edward FITZ RANDOLPH  came from a titled family, perhaps he had passage on the flagship, the “Arbella” with Winthrop himself.  The voyage itself was rather uneventful, the direction and speed of the wind being the main topic in Winthrop’s Journal, as it affected how much progress was made each day. There were a few days of severe weather, and every day was cold. The children were cold and bored, and there is a description of a game played with a rope that helped with both problems. Many were sick during the voyage, but nearly all survived it. The group landed at Salem, Massachusetts on June 12 after nine weeks at sea. The passengers took up residence in Salem, Boston, and the nearby area.

During his voyage aboard the Arbella, Winthrop wrote his famous sermon, “A Model of Christian Charity,” containing the often quoted phrase, “City upon a Hill.” This phrase is used to this day to symbolize certain essential characteristics of the American spirit.

The Winthrop Fleet was a well planned and financed expedition that formed the nucleus of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. However they were not the first settlers of the area. There was an existing settlement at Salem, started in about 1626, populated by a few hundred Puritans, most of whom had arrived in 1629, and who were governed by John Endicott. Winthrop superseded Endicott as Governor of the Colony upon his arrival in 1630.

Winthrop Passenger List

William BEAMSLEY and his wife Anne

Anthony COLBY  to Boston and Salisbury
his wife Mrs. Susanna Haddon

John Dillingham (Rev. Henry DILLINGHAM‘s son) of Bitteswell, Leicestershire to Boston
Mrs. Sarah Dillingham
Sarah Dillingham

Edward FITZRANDOLPH of Sutton in Ashfield, Notts to Scituate

Samuel GRAVES Sr.
Samuel GRAVES Jr.

Possibly Thomas MINER on the Arabella, though the Lyon’s Whelp in 1629  is a better bet

Robert POND of Groton, Suffolk to Boston
Mrs. Mary Pond
John Pond (Robert’s brother) of Groton, Suffolk to Boston

May 1631 – Lyon –  left Bristol, England 5 Feb  1630/31 with her Master, William Peirce, arriving in Salem May 1630/31

The Lyon was famous in the history of the early emigration to Massachusetts, and her Master, William Peirce, was equally noted for his skillful seamanship and his sympathy with the policy of the Puritan leaders. In 1630, 1631, and 1632 she made four voyages hither in quick succession under his command with the regularity and safety of a ferry, and on one of them saved the new settlement from starvation and death by her timely arrival with provisions and anti-scorbutics. The official connection of the Lyon with the Winthrop Fleet is of the same character as related of the Mary and John, as both were doubtless approved by the Governor and Assistants. In his letter of March 28, 1630, to his wife, written from the Arbella, off the Isle of Wight, after noting the sailing of the Mary and John, Winthrop wrote: ‘and the ship which goes from Bristowe (Bristol) carrieth about eighty persons’, This was the Lyon and she probably sailed from that port to accommodate passengers living In the West Counties — Lancashire, Cheshire, Warwick, Gloucestershire, and Somerset.

The date of her departure is not known (probably in March) but her arrival at Salem is reported ‘in the latter part of May’ some time before the Arbella reached that port. The identity of this ship is not established as there were several of her name in existence at that period. In view of her valuable services to the Colony it is to be hoped that the necessary search may be made to fix her home port, previous history, tonnage, and ownership.

Of Captain William Peirce, her Master, more particulars are known. He had sailed to Plymouth in 1623 as Master of the Anne of London, bringing the last lot of passengers to the Pilgrim settlement. He was then a resident of Ratcliffe, parish of Stepney, London, and at that date was about thirty-one years old. He made a voyage to Salem in 1629 as Master of the Mayflower (not the Pilgrim ship) and thereafter he was in constant traffic in passengers and merchandise across the Atlantic. He took up his residence in Boston in 1632 and was admitted freeman 14 May 1634. His wife, Bridget, joined the church 2 Feb 1632/33; perhaps a second wife, as a William Peirce, mariner of Whitechapel, was licensed in 1615 to marry Margaret Gibbs. Whitechapel and Stepney are adjoining parishes. He became a Town and Colony official and was engaged In coastwise shipping thereafter. He compiled an Almanac for New England which was the second issue in 1639 from the Daye press at Cambridge. In 1641 he was killed by the Spaniards while on a voyage to the island of New Providence, Bahamas Group, whither he was taking passengers for settlement.

John PERKINS arrived in Boston 5 Feb 1631 on the first trip of the Lyon after a “very tempestuous voyage.” Roger Williams was one of their fellow passengers.

Rev. Roger Williams, bound for Salem
Mrs. Mary Williams

Mrs. Margaret Winthrop (wife of Governor), bound for Boston
Adam Winthrop
Anne Winthrop
John Winthrop, Jr., of Groton, Suffolk, bound for Boston

John Perkins, of Hilmorton, Warwick, bound for Boston
Mrs. Judith Perkins
John Perkins
Elizabeth Perkins
Mary Perkins
Thomas Perkins
Jacob Perkins

1632 – William & Francis
Shortly after the death of her husband, Deborah Bachiler emigrated from England to New England with her father, Stephen BACHILER,  his wife, Helena Mason Bachiler and her four sons.

16 Sep 1632 – Lyon (4)

There were Four Lyon trips: 1630, 1631, 1632, 1632. The Lyon hit a reef April 10, 1633 (Peirce was ‘driving’) and it sunk, replaced by the Rebecca, built in the colonies.

Sailed from London June 22, 1632, arriving in Boston September 14/16, 1632. The master, William Pierce, brought 123 passengers.

“He brought one hundred and twenty three passengers, whereof fifty children, all in health. They had been twelve weeks aboard and eight weeks from Land’s End.”

John BENJAMIN arrived with his family in Boston Harbor, Sunday evening, 16 Sep 1632, on board the Lion, after a voyage of twelve weeks, being eight weeks from Lands End.  William Peirce, Master, sailed from London June 22.   ‘He brought one hundred and twenty three passengers, whereof fifty children, all in health.   His brother, Richard Benjamin, came with him on the Lion and settled in Southold, Long Island.

BROWNE, John and wife Dorothy, children Mary, John [Jr.], James and William
(From Hawkedon, Suffolk, bound for Watertown. Ref: Bond 124. 36 pg 15

Benjamin, John of Heathfield, Sussex and wife Abigail (From Haethfield, Sussex, bound for Cambridge and Watertown. Ref: Banks Mss. 36 pg 171. Listed with a Richard Benjamin.

15 Jun 1633 – Elizabeth Bonaventure 

John Graves, Master, left Yarmouth, Norfolk, the first week in May and arrived at Boston on June 15, 1633 with ninety five passengers. The ship sailed into the small harbor called Bare Cove, so called because only the bare flats could be seen at low tide. They stopped in Charlestown for a time, and then received permission to scout out a place for their new town Hingham.  Included on board were 14 men and women  from from Hingham, Norfolk, England who together founded Hingham, Mass.

Edmund HOBART  of Hingham, Norfolk to Charlestown  with Mrs. Margaret Hobart,  Nazareth, Edmond,  Thomas, Joshua, Rebecca,Elizabeth, and Sarah

Henry Gibbs of Hingham, Norfolk to Charlestown

Ralph SMYTH of Hingham, Norfolk to Charlestown

Nicholas Jacob of Hingham, Norfolk to Watertown  with Mrs. Mary, Jacob, John, Jacob,  Mary and Jacob

Thomas Chubbock  of Hardingham, Norfolk to Charlestown  with Mrs. Alice Chubbock, Sarah and Rebecca

Mrs. Elishua Crowe  to  Charlestown

Simon Huntington   of Norwich, Norfolk to  Roxbury  with Mrs. Margaret Huntington, Christopher, Anne, Simon,  and Thomas.

The Elizabeth Bonaventure was a very famous name for a ship, because it was the name of a warship that Sir Frances Drake used as his flagship on at least a couple of his expeditions including the 1587 attack on Cadiz which destroyed much of the armada that was massing to attack England. That attack was delayed and occurred the next year.  A year later it was part of the fleet to face the Spanish Armada.  It was also involved in the rescue of the lost Colony of Roanoke that was under attack. The fate of the vessel is not known.

This may not be the same vessel that brought the Hobarts and Ralph Smyth over, but there is no other record of this vessel under the command of Captain John Graves. There where ninety-five passengers on board for that voyage. It was a fast trip for a ship of that time, and reflected the advancements in ship building that was common in English warships, and being copied by other countries. By 1633 it would have been over seventy years old, but on the other hand there aren’t records about the retirement or loss of the warship by that name, and famous ships can often live longer because of the pride in that vessel’s history.

24 Mar 1634 – Mary & John II
Left Southampton, England on 24 March 1634 with her Master, Robert Sayres, and arrived at Boston, MA on 24 May 1634.

Stephen JORDAN sailed with his family sailed for America on the ship “Mary and John“.  Stephen took the oath of supremacy and allegiance on 24 Mar 1633/34, a necessary act in order to sail.

Robert CROSS sailed from Ipswich, England to Ipswich, Massachusetts on the “John & Mary” in 1634.He met Anna Jordan on board and married her 20 Aug 1635 in Ipswich Mass.

William CLARKE left England on the ship ‘Mary and Jane’, which sailed from London on March 24, 1633, arriving in New England in June of that year.

William COLLIER –  William was a London merchant, a member of Worshipful Company of Grocers  and the Company of Merchant Adventurers  and helped finance the Leiden Separatists in founding Plymouth Colony.  After the partnership between the Pilgrims and the Adventurers was terminated, he came to Plymouth himself, sailing with four daughters (Sarah, Rebecca, Mary and Elizabeth) .

Francis Kirby, in his letter to his friend John Winthrop, Jr., writes, “I hope you have received the goods I shipped in the Mary & John per Mr. Collier, wherin I sent all the things you wrote for but sope ashes & old musket barreles, which were not to be had;”

James Shirley, too, stated, 24 June 1633, that his last letter was “sente in ye Mary & John by Mr William Collier,” etc.

30 April 1634 – Francis
Capt. John CUTTING (1593 – 1659) was a “Master” mariner; the first record shows him in command of the ship “Francis” of Ipswich, England which set sail the last of April 1634 with some eighty passengers aboard.

Passengers include  Robert PEASE Jr. Robert was accompanied by his brother John, his eldest son Robert PEASE – The Former, a Miss Clark, aged fifteen, who was the daughter of a fellow passenger, and a Miss Greene, aged fifteen, perhaps a servant. Robert Pease’s second son John PEASE may have been aboard as well.

The Francis left Ipswich, Suffolk, England mid (30th) April1634 with her master, John Cutting, arriving in Massachusetts Bay.

30 April 1634. Passengers of the Francis of Ipswich, Mr. John CUTTING, captain, bound for New England (landed at Plymouth or Boston, MA): from the Public Record Office, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 4DU, England)

04 Feb 1634 Henry Dade writes from Ipswitch to the Archbishop of Canterbury that the Francis and the Elizabeth with 60 men in each intend to sail for New England on about March 10 and he supposes they are debtors or persons disaffected with the established church. Note: These ships and nine others bound for New England were stayed but on 28 Feb allowed to proceed on condition that the passengers took the oath opf allegiance. Colham pg 111.

12 Nov 1634: John CUTTING and William Andrews pray to be released from bonds of presentation of certificates, enclosing that passangers of the 30 May 1634 Francis and 30 May 1634 Elizabeth did not take the oaths.

21 Jan 1635: John CUTTINGE, Master of the Francis and William Andrewes, Master of the Elizabeth, both of Ipswitch, have brought a list of all the passengers that went in their ships to New England in April 1634 with certificates of their having taken the Oaths of Supremacy and Allegiance.

30 Apr 1634: Passengers from Ipswitch by the Francis of Ipswitch, Mr. John CUTTING, bound for New England: Coldham pg 114 list

1634 – Elizabeth Dorcas
Edward BOSWORTH,  emigrated to Hingham Mass in 1634 who with his wife Mary had with them their sons…a daughter Mary, and her husband William BUCKLAND .  They sailed on the ship Elizabeth Dorcas, which was detained at Gravesend, Eng., from 22 Feb 1634, until early spring, while it was ascertained that all passengers had secured the necessary paper work for immigration. The ship had many deaths, both among the passengers and animals. One of those who survived the trip was Edward, but he died in Boston Harbor on arrival.” Though dying, he asked to be carried up to the deck so he might see the land to which he was bringing his wife, two younger sons, and daughter and her husband. After seeing land, he died, was carried ashore, and was buried in Boston.

Edward had borrowed money from Henry Sewall to pay the passage over to New England for his family. His wife was left penniless and was helped by the town. The money was a loan and the amount was about 100 pounds. The debts were assumed by the three sons and the son-in-law, William Buckland, who had married Mary Bosworth. Jonathan, 22, Benjamin, 20, and Nathaniel, not quite 18 years old, each paid about 20 pounds of the debt.

30 Apr 1634 – Elizabeth–  left Ipswich, Suffolk, England mid April of 1634 with her master, William Andrewes (Andres), arriving in Massachusetts Bay.

04 Feb 1634 Henry Dade writes from Ipswitch to the Archbishop of Canterbury that the Francis and the Elizabeth with 60 men in each intend to sail for New England on about March 10 and he supposes they are debtors or persons disaffected with the established church. Note: These ships and nine others bound for New England were stayed but on 28 Feb allowed to proceed on condition that the passengers took the oath opf allegiance. Colham pg 111.

12 Nov 1634: John CUTTING and William Andrews pray to be released from bonds of presentation of certificates, enclosing that passangers of the 30 May 1634 Francis and 30 May 1634 Elizabeth did not take the oaths.

21 Jan 1635:  John CUTTINGE, Master of the Francis and William Andrewes, Master of the Elizabeth, both of Ipswitch, have brought a list of all the passengers that went in their ships to New England in April 1634 with certificates of their having taken the Oaths of Supremacy and Allegiance.

Passenger List

Richard WOODWARD his wife  Rose Stewart  and their sons George WOODWARD and John emigrated  on the Elizabeth in 1634.

Woodward Richard 45, miller #3
From Suffolk, bound for Watertown. 36 pg 166
Woodward Rose 50, wife of Richard #4
Woodward George 13, #57
Woodward John 13, #58
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Sailing from Ipswich,  Richard KIMBALL emigrated to New England with his wife, seven of their children including John KIMBALL, Ursula’s mother and brother Thomas Scott and his family, and Henry Kemball (probably Richard’s brother) and his family.  The crossing took almost three months and they landed in Boston.   “A Note of all the names and ages of all those which did not take the Oath of Allegiance or Supremacy being vnder age shipped in or Port. In the Elizabeth of Ipswich Mr Willia(m) Andrew(e)s  Master bound for new England the last of Aprill 1634.” (listed in “Planters” as with Richard Kimball)
Kemball Henry 44, from Rattlesden, Suffolk #13
From Rattlesden, Suffolk, bound for Watertown. 36 pg 159
Kemball Susan 35, wife of Henry #14
Kemball Elizabeth 9, child of Henry #74
Kemball Susan 7, child of Henry #75
Kemball Richard 39, from Rattlesden, Suffolk #15
Born 1595, from Rattlesden, Suffolk, bound for Watertown, Ipswitch. Ref: NEGR 57/331. 36 pg 159
Kemball Ursula unk age, wife of Richard #16
Kemball Henry 15, child of Richard #77
Kemball Richard 11, child of Richard #78
Kemball Mary 9, child of Richard #79
Kemball Martha 5, child of Richard #80
Kemball John 3, child of Richard #81
Kemball Thomas 1, child of Richard #82
Kemball Elizabeth 13, Thurston Raynor’s step daughter #69
Martha WHATLOCK SCOTT , widow of Henry SCOTT emigrated to New England with her daughter Ursula, son-in-law Richard Kimball and their seven children, son Thomas and his family, and Henry Kemball (probably Richard’s brother) and his family. .

Thomas SCOTT            40  from Rattlesden Suffolk, bound for Ipswich
SKOTT, Elizabeth          40  Wife of Thomas
SKOTT, Elizabeth            9      with Thomas Scott
Skott, Abigail               7      with Thomas Scott
Skott, Thomas             6      with Thomas Scott…
These took the Oath of Allegiance and Supremacy.  Ipswich Customhouse, 12 Nov12 1634.
…Skott, Thomas     40   from Rattlesden, Suffolk,  bound for Cambridge
(wife) Elizabeth       40
Kemball, Henery      44  from Rattlesden, Suffolk,   bound for Watertown
(wife) Susan            35
Kemball, Richard 39  from Rattlesden, Suffolk,  bound for Watertown
(wife) Ursula [blank]…
…Scott, Martha       60      (listed in “Planters” as with Thomas Scott)…

John Kimball’s future wife, Mary Bradstreet and future in-laws, Humphrey and Bridget BRADSTREET were on this same voyage.
Bradstreet Humphrey 40, from Capel Saint Mary, Suffolk #29
Bradstreet Bridget 30, wife of Humphrey #30
Bradstreet Anna 9, #89
Bradstreet John 3, #90
Bradstreet Martha 2, #91
Bradstreet Mary 1, #92

18 Sep 1634 – Griffin – Left England Aug 1, 1634 with her master, ?, arriving in September 18, 1634,  at Boston with about one hundred passengers and cattle for the plantations.

Passenger List
Lothrope John Reverand
Lothrop Mrs, wife
Lothrop Thomas, son
Lothrop Samuel, son
Lothrop Joseph, son
Lothrop John, son
Lothrop Benjamin, son
Lothrop Jane, daughter
Lothrop Barbara, daughter

Rev.  John LATHROP brought The Lothrop Bible with him  on his trip to America in During the voyage, while at evening devotions, he spilled hot candle wax on the open book which burned through several pages, causing holes about the size of a shilling. Before landing, he carefully repaired most of the damaged paper and filled in the missing text from memory. A few of the holes in the pages remain.

Lothrop Bible

Richard SCOTT was born 9 Sep 1605 probably in Clemsford, Suffolk, England. He married Katherine MARBURY on 7 Jun 1632 in England.  They emigrated in 1634 on the “Griffin” and was admitted to the church at Boston, 28 Aug 1634

1635 – Increase
The Increase left London, England April 1635 with her master, Robert Lea, arriving in Massachusetts Bay.

It is said by some Warner genealogists  William WARNER and three children sailed on the ship,”Increase” I just see William’s son John listed , perhaps as a servant of Matthew Marvyn.

April 15, 1635 – Certificate source not given.

#49 Marvynn Matthew 35, husbandman ((Marvin, Matthew and Reginald, from Bentley Magna, Essex, bound for Hartford.)
50 Marvyn Elizabeth 31, wife of Matthew
51 Marvyn Elizabeth 31, sister or duplicate
52 Marvyn Matthew 8, child of Matthew
53 Marvyn Marie 6, child of Matthew
54 Marvyn Sara 3, child of Matthew
55 Marvyn Hanna 1/2 , child of Matthew
56 Warner Jo, 20, listed below Marvyns  (John from Boxted, Essex, bound for Ipswich).
57 More Issac 13, listed below Marvyns ((From Boxted, Essex, bound for Windsor)

William PAYNE‘s son William (1598 – 1660) and daughter Dorothy Ayres (1598 – ) were on the same ship

#69 Payne William 22, husbandman  (should be age 42, Anna’s  age is right)
70 Payne Anna 40, wife of William
71 Payne William 10, child of William
72 Payne Anna 5, child of William
73 Payne Jo. 3, child of William
74 Payne Daniel 8 wks, child of William
75 Bitton James 27
76 Potter William 25
77 Wood Elizabeth 38
78 Beardes Elizabeth 24
79 Payne Susan 11

#32 Ayres Symon 48, chirurgion [(archaic) a surgeon]
#94 (From Laverham, Suffolk, bound for Watertown. Ref: NEGR 69/250 36 pg 157) Ayres Dorothy 38, wife of Symon
#95 Ayres Marie 15, child of Symon
#96 Ayres Thomas 13, child of Symon
#97 Ayres Symon 11, child of Symon
#98 Ayres Rebecca 9, child of Symon
#99 Ayres Christian 7, child of Symon
#108 Ayres Anna 5, child of Symon
#109 Ayres Benjamin 3, child of Symon
#110 Ayres Sara 3 mos, child of Symon

2 Apr 1635 – Planter
Nicholas Trerice, Master. She sailed from London 2 Apr 1635 and arrived at Boston on Sunday, 7 Jun 1635.

“22 Mareij 1634. Theis under written names are to be imbarqued in ye Planter Nico.Trarice Mr bound for New England p Certificate from Stepney pish, and Attestacon from St Tho: Jay, Mr Simon Muskett 2 Justices of the Peace. the Men have taken the oaths of Supremacie & Allegeance”

The Planter, under Master Nicholas Trerice/Travice, the Planter sailed from London April 2 or 11, 1635, arriving at Boston June 7, 1635. Hotten has Nico Trarice for the master.

Francis BAKER immigrated from England  landing in Boston April 2 1635. He was described as a tailor (Hotten Ship List par. 45) and brought with him a certificate from the minister at Great St. Albans, Herfordshire, England, his last place of residence.  From Winthrop Society: Passanger on Planter: Francis Baker, Tailor, Age: 24, Date of Record: 1 Apr 1635, Note: Swore oath at St Albans, Herts, Roll #: 45

Thomas JEWELL is listed as “Jewell (Jernell), Thomas 27, miller”

5 Apr 1635 – James– William Cooper Master

The James left London, England April 6, 1635 with her master, William Cooper, arriving in Boston on 3 June 1635.    Fifty-three men (plus women and children) embarked at Southampton in the James of London.

Edmund HAWES, cutler, late of London,” was included in the passenger list of the James, about to sail from Southampton

Thomas COLEMAN of Marlborough, Wiltshire, bound for Newbury and Nantucket   His wife,  Susan Raulines also made the trip.

Anthony MORSE,shoemaker of Marlborough, Wiltshire, his wife Mary Cox their daughter Ann MORSE THURLOW were also on this voyage.  Anthony’s brother William, was also aboard also listed as a shoemaker.
The manifest of the ship “James” shows only “Thomas BROWN – Weaver”. It is assumed that his wife Mary Healy and their first born child, Francis BROWN, age 2, was with him on this journey.  The manifest of the ship “James” actually reflected two entries for “Thomas Brown-Weaver”. The second entry noted him as being a servant of one Thomas Antram “returning to New England.”  As the name “Thomas Antram” does not appear in other records, there is some doubt as to the viability of our Thomas Brown being “a servant of Thomas Antram”.

Edward WOODMAN and his half-brother, Archelaus Woodman, arrived in Newbury aboard the “James”  or he came on the “Abigail” a few weeks later.   The passenger list for the Abigail shows a Richard Woodman.  The passenger list for the James shows a Hercules Woodman.

14 Apr 1635 – Susan and Ellen

John PROCTOR 40 sailed on the Susan and Ellen which left London on 14 April 1635 with her master, Edward Payne, arriving in Massachusetts Bay  on 9 May 1635.with his wife Martha Harper 28,  and two children, Marie, aged 1, and 3-year-old John, Jr.  John was listed first on the roll as Husbandman #1.

May 1635 – Elizabeth and Ann
The “Elizabeth and Ann” left London, England, arriving in Massachusetts Bay. Registration was open between May 6 -14 1635. Her master was Robert Cooper. (sometimes Cowper)

The following roll is from her departure point, not necessarily who landed.  Passengers embarked in the Elizabeth and Ann, Mr. Roger Cooper, bound [from London] to New England. Coldham pages 135-136

#54 Courser William 26, shoemaker… William COUSER, of Boston, supposed to have been the first of the name in this country, was born Aug., 1609 in England.  He married Joanna [__?__] before 1638 in Boston, Mass.

#87 Holloway Jo. 21  – Joseph HOLLOWAY (Holly)

8 May 1635 – Hopewell
Edmund MARSHALL emigrated on the Hopewell.  John Driver, master, sailed from Weymouth in Dorsetshire, England, May 8, 1635. The ship’s passenger list names 18 men, but does not list their wives, children or servants.

Robert TITUS , his wife Hannah and their two children, John TITUS and Edmond  sailed from London on April 3rd, 1635 on board the Hopewell.

Elder John STRONG sailed in on the Hopewell, Master John Driver from Weymouth, Dorsetshire, England on 8 May 1635.with his wife and their two children:  John Jr age 2 and an infant plus John’s sister Eleanor age 22.

4 Jun 1635 – Abigail under Captain Robert Hackwell left London in mid-July.

John HOUGHTON traveled with the  family of Ralph Shepherd
Houghton, Jo. 4 #25 (John from Eaton Bray, Bedfordshire to Deham, Mass, Ref: Pope. 36
Sheppard Ralph 29, #119
Sheppard Thanks 23, wife of Ralph #120
Sheppard Sara 2, child of Ralph #121

xxth June,, 1635

In the Abbigall de Lond. Hackwell bnd. fro New England p’r Cert. Fro of his Conformitie from Justices of Peace and minister Eaton Bray In Com. Bedford.

Joh: Houghton 4

Edmond FREEMAN along with his wife Elizabeth and children including Maj. John FREEMAN were among the passengers. John was  listed as eight years old on the Customs House rolls. Edmond’s brother John also made the trip with his family.  There were a lot of Freemans on board the Abigail .  Identified relatives are highlighted.  During the crossing an epidemic of smallpox broke out on shipboard. They arrived in Boston on 8 October 1635 .
Freeman John 35, #45
Freeman Marie 50, #58
Freeman Jo: 9, #59
Freeman Sycillie 4, #60
Freeman Thomas 24, #91
Freeman Edmund 45, #107
Freeman Edward 34, husbandman #135
Freeman Elizabeth 35, wife of Edward #136
Freeman Elizabeth 12, #149
Freeman Alice 17, #150
Freeman Edmund 15, #152
Freeman John 8, #153

17 Junij, 1635 Theis under written names are to be transported to New England, imbarqued in the Abigall, Robert Hackwell Mr. P’r Cert. From the minister and Justices of Peace of their Conformitie, being no Subsedy men. The have taken the oaths of Alleg: and Supremacy being all Husbandmen:

Jno. ffreeman 35
Marie ffreeman 50
Jo: ffreeman 9
Sycillie ffreeman 4

Elizabeth EPPS, daughter of Daniel EPPS and Martha READE later the wife of  James CHUTE Sr  sailed on the Abigail in the care of the Winthrop family.

Wynthropp John 27, #169 (the Younger)
Wynthropp Elizabeth 19, #170
Wynthropp Deane 11, #171
Goade Thomas 15, #172
EPPS Elizabeth 13, #173

Martha Reade was born on 13 July 1602 at Wickford, Essex, England. She was the daughter of Col. Edmund READE and Elizabeth COOKE. She married Daniel EPPS before 1622 in Wickford, Essex, England. After Daniel’s death, she married George Samuel Symonds in 1637. It was probably as wife of Symonds that the combined Epps-Symonds family emigrated to the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Also in this extended family are Martha Read’s two sisters. Her sister Elizabeth maried  John Winthrop, Jr., the son of Governor Winthrop, and one of the founders of Ipswich. Martha died in 1662 at Ipswich, Mass.

Family history says her other sister Mrs. Margaret Lake, with her daughters Hannah and Martha, accompanied her sister Elizabeth (Read) Winthrop, the new wife of Gov. John Winthrop, Jr., who returned to America in this ship with commissions from Lord’s Say, Brook and others. She left a son in England who never came to America.   I don’t see any of the Lakes on the manifest, however Harry and Henry Vane , soon to be Governor of Massachusetts was also traveling with the Winthrops and were not on the manifest either.

In 1631 [John Winthrop] followed his father to Massachusetts Bay and was one of the “assistants” of the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1635, 1640 and 1641, and from 1644 to 1649. He was the chief founder of Agawam (now Ipswich, Massachusetts) in 1633, went to England in 1634, and in the following year returned as governor of the lands granted to the Lords Say and Sele and Brooke,[1] sending out the party which built the fort at Saybrook at the mouth of the Connecticut River..

1635 – Assurance
In “The Original Lists of Person of Quality; 1600-1700″ there is a Nicholas JACKSON, age 22 on the Assurance emigrating from London to America, July 24, 1635

8 Oct 1635 – Defense – left London, England late July 1635 with her master, Edward Bostocke, arriving in Massachusetts Bay October 8th.

John GOULD from Towchester, Northamptonshire, England, arriving at Boston October 8. John is listed as “25, of Towcester, county Northants”, bound for Charlestown. With him is Mrs. Grace Gould, also 25.

William REEDE , his wife Mabel, 30; George, 6; Ralph, 5; and Justus (later Abigail Justice Reed WYMAN), 18 months

Late Nov 1635 – Truelove left London, England Sept 1635 with her master, John Gibbs, arriving in Massachusetts Bay.  Passenger count was listed as 66, but there are 67 names listed. This information was transcribed in the 19th century by James Savage from records found in London, at the Augmentation Office, Rolls Court, Westminster.

“xix Sept 1635 Theis under-written names are to be transported to New england imbarqued in the Truelove Jo: Gibbs Mr, the Men have taken the oaths of Alleg: & Suprem.”

Tomkins, Ralph 50 #29 (Ralph TOMPKINS)
TOMPKINS, Katherine 58, wife #30
Tomkins, Elizabeth 18 #31
Tomkins, Marie 14 #32 (later to marry  John FOSTER Sr.)
Tomkins, Sammuel 22 #33

1636 – Arms of Rensselaerswyck
Albert Andriese BRADT was born 26 Aug 1607 in Fredrikstad, Smaalenenes (now Otsfold, Norway). In America he was known as “de Noorman” which meant “of Norway”.  He was listed as a 24 year old sailor when he married Annatje Barentse Van Rotmers  on 11 Apr 1632 at the Oude Kerke, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

1636 – Expedition
Richard PRATT emigrated on the “Expedition“, arriving in Malden, Mass about 1636.

15 May 1637 – Mary Anne

Instead of taking passage on another ship, Thomas Payne (1586 – 1639) bought the vessel Mary Anne.  He invited other Puritans to join him for the passage and engaged Mr. William Goose to be the Master.   Thomas was the grandson of our ancestor William PAYNE Sr.    Thomas’ cousin William PAYNE (1565 – 1648) didn’t immigrated, but he had six children who did.  It was relatively rare for the English gentry to participate in the Great Migration.  So far I’ve only identified 22 immigrants who  had family crests at the time, out of more than 400 immigrants in all. (See my tag  Immigrant Coat of Arms)  Since it’s rare, I’ve had a fun time tracing the Payne family estates and their Tudor era friends.  Ironically, many of the Payne family associates were Roman Catholic Recusants.   While seemingly opposite, both groups defied religious authority.    See William PAYNE Sr.’s page for details.

Elizabeth GOODALE came to  Newbury, Mass on the Mary Anne in 1637. With her came her children Ann, Susanna & her husband Abraham Toppan two children and a maid, Joanna and Elizabeth.

Austin KILHAM and his family sailed from England on the ship Mary Anne for New England  on 15 May  1637 out of Ipswich, England.  She did not land in Salem, MA, but in Boston on 20 Jun 1637. William Goose was the master. Many people assume the ship went to Salem because Austin’s examination record show him as “being desirous to goe to Salem in New England”.  Kilham doesn’t appear in the above list, but his name does appear in “Topographical Dictionary of 2885 English Emigrants to New England 1620 – 1650” by Charles Edwards Banks, Edited and Indexed by Elijah Ellsworth Brownell, 1957

May 1637 – Friendship
John CHIPMAN was 17 when he came to New England in May, 1637, in the service of his cousin Mr. Richard Derby, who settled in Plymouth. Some records say in the month of July and aboard the ship ‘Friendship‘. However, no ships roster or other authoritative document has yet come to light confirming this report.

29 Sep 1637 – John & Dorothy of Ispwich and The Rose of Yarmouth, 1637

A small parchment volume (also in the Rolls Office) labelled on the cover”T G 27.299 A. D, 1637—13 Car. I” is occupied with a record of persons”desirous to pass beyond seas.” Its upper right hand corner has been destroyed, by which much of the record is gone. What is not destroyed of the title of the volume is “A Register of the … of such persons a … and upwards and have … to passe into formigne partes … March 1637 to the 29th day of Septe… by verts of a commission granted to Mr Thomas Mayhew gentleman.” ” These people went to New England with William Andrews of Ipswich, Mr of the John and Dorothay of Ipswich, and with William Andrewes his Sons Mr of the Rose of Yarmouth.

8 Apr 1637 – The Register of persons about to pass in forraigne part on the ships John & Dorothy, and The Rose
Michael METCALF Sr, The examination of  Michill Metcalf, of Norwich, dornixweaver, aged 45 years, and Sarrah, his wife, aged 39 years, with 8 children, Michill [Michael METCALF Jr.], Thomas, Marey, Sarrah, Elizabeth, Martha, Joane, and Rebecca, and his servant Thomas Cumberbach, aged 16 years. Are desirous to pass to Boston in New England, to inhabitt.

Metcalfe Michill Norwich, Dornix weaver 45 boston in New England
Metcalfe Sarrah wife 39 boston in New England
Metcalfe Michill child boston in New England
Metcalfe Thomas child boston in New England
Metcalfe Marey child boston in New England
Metcalfe Sarah child boston in New England Arpill 8th 1637
Metcalfe Elizabeth child boston in New England
Metcalfe Martha child boston in New England
Metcalfe Joane child boston in New England
Metcalfe Rebecca child boston in New England
Cumberbach Thomas servant 16 boston in New England

1637 – Sparrow Hawk crashed upon reaching New England.  Matthew BECKWITH swam ashore.   After a query from a reader, I found the Sparrow Hawk actually crashed in 1626 when Matthew would have been only 16 years old.  Here’s a book on the subject.

1637 – Hercules
Thomas CALL  and his nephew Philip CALL I arrived in America 1637 on “Hercules” to Charlestown, MA. To Malden in 1649. Being of Faversham, County Kent, Eng. embarked 1636 with wife and 3 children.

Joseph BATCHELLER immigrated to America in 1636  on the ship “Hercules“. with his wife, son Mark, three servants and brothers Henry, John and Daniel. He was listed as a tailor on the roll of persons who made the passage from Sandwich for the American plantations.

11 Apr 1638 – The Confidence –
Robert RING (1614 – 1691)  sailed  on The Confidence from Southampton April 11, 1638 or April 24, with Master John Gibson, and 84 passengers.  He was a servant of John Sanders bound for Salisbury, Mass.  He returned to England about 1643 and married Elizabeth JARVIS there before 1649.

Spring 1638 –  Den Dolphyn
Barent Jacobsen KOOL sailed on the ship Den Dolphyn to New Amsterdam in early 1638 with his father-in-law, Leendert Arentsen DeGrauw. It is presumed that his wife and her brothers and sisters were also on board. On April 19, 1638, the crew of the Den Dolphyn made a formal complaint to the provincial secretary about how the ship leaked during the voyage and that the captain had not provided enough food for the passengers. Barent and DeGrauw testified that several children belonging to Jan Schepmoes and his wife didn’t receive enough food.

Leendert Arentsen De GRAUW immigrated on 7 Sep 1637 from Amsterdam to New Amsterdam with wife Leuntje Janje LYDECKER and children on the Dolphin.

1638 – Abigail –
Richard ORMSBY came from the Parish of Ellsworth, Cambridgeshire, England, to York, Maine, in 1638 on the ship  “Abigail”.

1638 – John of London –
Richard THURLOW , his wife Jane and their children Francis THURLOW , Thomas and Mary, sailed in 1638 from Hull, Yorkshire to Boston on the ship, “John of London.” He was one of a group consisting of about 60 families led by the Rev. Ezekiel ROGERS, most of whom had been residents of the Yorkshire village of Rowley and it’s surrounding area.”  Undoubtedly, Rev. Rogers kept records and a log during the voyage, but these, along with most of his belongings, were lost in the fire that destroyed his dwelling in Rowley, Mass. a few years after he and many of the group settled there.

Other ancestors sailing with Rogers’ Company include Francis PARRATT, bringing his sisters Ann and Faith,  Hugh CHAPLIN,  John BOYNTON,  Jane GRANT, Robert CROSBY, Leonard HARRIMAN  & Nicholas JACKSON,

10 Aug 1638 –Diligent of Ipswich, John Martin, Master. She sailed from Ipswich, Suffolk, in June 1638 and arrived August 10, 1638 at Boston, with about one hundred passengers, principally from Hingham, Norfolk, destined for Hingham, Massachusett

Robert PECK and family, including Anne PECK MASON, sailed for America in the ‘Diligent‘ of Ipswich (master John Martin – left in June and arrived Boston 10 Aug 1638 with about 100 passengers) and joined settlement of Hingham – many important residents went with him (Buck, Chamberlain, Cooper, Cushing, Foulsham, Gates, James , Joseph Peck , Ripley and Tufts).  Joseph PECK, Robert’s brother, is also our ancestor and sailed with second wife and four children (Joseph, Nicholas, Simon, and Rebecca) plus two men servants and three maid servants. Robert took his wife Anne (nee Lawrence) their children including -Joseph and Robert and/or Thomas and Ann) and two servants.

John SUTTON brought his family in 1638 while Hannah was still a baby and John, Jr., was already a man of 21 years. They were part of a group of 133 passengers who traveled to Ipswich, the capital of Suffolk County in SE England, and booked passage on the ship Diligent, captained by John Martin of Ipswich

Stephen GATES I, his wife Anne Veare and their children including Stephen GATES II sailed on the Diligent in 1638.

Partial Passenger List
Gates Stephen
Gates Mrs. Anne
Gates Elizabeth
Peck Rev. Robert
Peck Mrs.
Peck Anne
Peck Joseph
Peck Joseph
Peck Mrs. ……
Sutton John
Sutton Mrs. Elizabeth
Sutton Hannah
Sutton John, Jr.
Sutton Nathaniel
Sutton Elizabeth
And about 20 servants

1638 – Bevis – Left Southampton May 1638 for New England with her master Robert Batten.

The following Lists of New England Emigrants are from Her Majesty’s State Paper Office Southampton.— The list of the names of Passeng. Intended to shipe themsleues, In the Beuist of Hampton of CL. Tonnes, Robert Batten Mr for Newengland, And thsu by vertue of the Lord Treasurers warrant of the second of May w’th was after the restrayat and they some Dayes gone to sea Before the Kinges Mat’es Proelamacon Came boto South’uon. No. of Persons.

The preamble to the ship’s passenger list, dated 2 May 1638, indicates that “they had been some Dayes gone to sea” They landed probably at Boston in June or July 1638.

Bevis Passenger List
Alcocke Francis 26, servant
Banshott Tho 14, Carpenter servant
Carpenter William of Horwell /Wherwell 62, carpenter (From Wherwell, Hampshire, bound for Weymouth and Rehoboth, MA. Ref: Pope. 36 pg 64)
Carpenter William Jr. of Horwell 33, carpenter
Carpenter Abigael 32
Carpenter children, 4 10 or under
Dum Richard of New England 40 (Dummer, Richard, listed as aboard the Whale. 36 pg 60)
Dum Alice 35
Dum Tho 19 (Dummer, Thomas, from North Stoneham, Hampshire, bound for Newbury. Ref: Pope. 36 pg 62)
Dum Joane 19
Dum Jane 10
Dum Steephen, husbandman (Dummer, Stephen from Bishop’s Stoke, Hampshire, bound for Mewbury. Ref: Pope. 36 pg 60)
Dum Dorothie 6
Dum Richard 4
Dum Tho 2
Hutchinson John 30, carpenter, servant
Knight John, carpenter and Littlefield servant
Knight Robert 37, Carpenter Servant to R. Austin
Littlefield Annis 38
Littlefield children, 6
Moll Adam 19, Taylor, servant
Parker Nathaunel 20, servant of London Backer
Pond Rebecca,18, Batt Servant
Poore Samuel 18, servant
Poore Da’yell 14, servant
Poore Alce 20, servant
Reemes Tho, Byley servant (Reeves, Thomas, from Salisbury, Wiltshire, boudn for Roxbury. Ref: Hotten. 36 pg 180)
Wackefeild Anna 20, Servant Wackefeild Will. 22, servant

John HUTCHINGS and his future wife Frances Alcock were servants to the Richard Drummer family.

William CARPENTER Sr, his wife, four children including  William CARPENTER Jr embarked at Southampton, Hampshire, on the Bevis.

Annis LITTLEFIELD came from Titchfield to Boston in 1638 aboard the ship “Bevis” commanded by Capt. Townes. She came with two servants, Hugh Durdal and John Knight and six children including John LITTLEFIELD .

1639
Edward SHEPARD came with his family from England in 1639, he being the captain of his own ship, and settled in Cambridge, Suffolk, Mass.

1639 – Jonathan
Percival LOWELL his wife and sons, John LOWELL and Richard, and daughters, Joan and Anne, sailed in the “Jonathan” to Newbury, Mass. in 1639.  Joan’s husband, John Oliver, his partner William Gerrish, his clerk Anthony Somerby, Anthony’s brother Henry, and Richard Pole who was apprenticed to son John, all came over with the family

1639 – St. John
In 1639 Rev. Henry WHITFIELD  resigned as Rector of St Margaret’s Church in Ockley and led a  group of 25 families to America. They sailed on the vessel St. John, which left London in June, 1639, and arrived about September 10, 1639 in Guilford CT.

25 Oct 1640 – Den Waterhondt
Gysje Geesje Barentsdotter was born in 1591 in Altenbruch, Province of Schleiswig, Holstein, Germany. She was known as Barents and Barentsdr. (Barentsdotter) meaning “d/o a man named Barent”.  At the time Gissel was living on the Schaepensteegje or Sheep Alley in Amsterdam, Netherlands. Geesie’s husband Barent ROTTMER is never listed, so it is assumed he died before 1632.  After Barent died, she married Pieter Jacobse Van Rynsburgh.  They emigrated on the Den Waterhondt which  sailed from the Texel 15 June 1640 and had arrived in New Amsterdam by 25 Oct 1640.

Ryckje (Ryckie) Ulrica Van DYCK was born about 1636 in Utrecht, Holland. Her parents were Hendrick Thomasse Van DYCK and Divertje Cornelise BOTJAGERS. She sailed with her parents from Amsterdam, 25 May 1640, in the ship ‘WATERHONDT‘, her father bearing a commission of ‘Ensign Commandant’ in the service of The Dutch West India Company, and accompanied by a company of foot-soldiers to reinforce the garrison of Fort Amsterdam.

11 Aug 1642 – Den Houttuyn
The Den Houttuyn left Texel Holland 6 Jun 1642 and arrived New Amsterdam 11 Aug 1642.   Hendrick ALBERTS, his wife Geertruyd Andrissen Van Doesburgh and Geertruyd’s younger brother Hendrick made the trip.

1647 – Princess Amelia
Macheil MESSECAR was born about 1620 in Frankenthal, Rhineland-Palatinate
He and his family arrived in New Amsterdam in 1647 after an approximate nine week crossing .  A Michiel Mesger from Frankendael was a passenger on the Princess Amelia in 1647 bound for New Amsterdam.  (Frankendael Park is in Amsterdam.  Could Frankendael just be the embarkation?)

Nov 1653 – King Solomon
(Coninck Salomon) Sailed from Amsterdam Aug 1653 Captain Cornelis Conradsen van Campen Arrived New Amsterdam Nov 1653
Jan Juriaensen BECKER was sent over by the West India Company to serve as its clerk. He was doubtless a very young man. We know that he was from Amsterdam and that he had a fair education. He arrived at New Amsterdam in 1653 on the ship “King Solomon”

April, 1655 – Swarte Arent
Johannes De DECKERS arrived in New Amsterdam on the ship “Swarte Arent”. He served as the Supercargo on this voyage, and he bore a letter dated 23 Nov., 1654 from the Director of the Amsterdam Charter of the Dutch West Indies Company, addressing his fine qualities, and great abilities. This letter was addressed to Pieter Stuyvesant, the Governor of the New Amsterdam colony.

1656 – Speedwell
Matthew EDWARDS was born about 1631 in England.  He came to New England in the Speedwell 1656, from London, but he had come near 20 years before with his widowed mother who married Robert Hawes, and in her will of 12 Jun 1645, mentions him and his brother Robert.

6 Aug 1661 – De St. Jan Baptist Captain. Jan Bergen
Two brothers, both ancestors, sailed together with their respective families.  Arent Teunisse PIER married Geesje Jans  2 Oct 1660 in Amsterdam.  The couple with Geesje’s two children sailed 9 May 1661 and arrived New Amsterdam 6 Aug 1661 on The Dutch ship De St. Jan Baptist
Arent Teunissen [Pier] from Amsterdam, wife and 2 children 7 & 4

Jan Teunissen  PIER from Amsterdam, wife and 2 children 4 & 1 1/2

Jul 1664 – de Endracht (The Concord or Unity)
Sailed from Amsterdam April 17, 1664 Captain Jan Bergen.  Arrived at New Amsterdam July, 1664.  Hendrick Gerritse Van WIE came to New Netherlands on ship “de Endracht (Unity)

13 Jun 1710 – Lyon
Queen Anne of Great Britain was sympathetic toward the German Palatines, and allowed them to stay in England. However, as their numbers grew, the Board of Trade and Plantations prepared a plan to send them to America, where the Crown promised them free land after they worked off their passage by producing naval stores. Johann Conrad WEISER Sr. and family including Anna Magdalena Weiser DeLONG remained in England for a few months. They left England December of 1709 on the Lyon, one of ten ships carrying 2,800 people to America, including Weiser and his family. The Lyon arrived in New York on June 13, 1710.

The 2,400 who survived the voyage to New York—more than half the number of people in Manhattan at the time—were at first confined in the harbor, by typhus, to what is now called Governor’s Island.  After the disease ran its course, the surviving refugees were taken up the Hudson River to Livingstone’s manor a 160,000 acre  tract of land granted to Robert Livingston the Elder through the influence of Governor Thomas Dongan, and confirmed by royal charter of George I of Great Britain in 1715,

14 Jun 1710 – Globe
In 1709 the first group of Palatines  landed 60 miles up the Hudson River and built a town they called “Neuberg”, now called Newburgh, New York.  Queen Anne supplied them with agricultural implements and foodstuffs for one year. In exchange, the Palatines were to supply lumber for the Royal Navy.

A year later, in 1710, when pastor Von Kocherthal returned to England for additional aid, he found 3000 refugees there. They were living in tents on the Black Heath of London. The queen acceded to his wishes that they too be sent to America to join the others. This time a whole flotilla of vessels was needed. They sailed from London in January, 1710. Among the ships was the “Globe”, making it’s second crossing with Palatine refugees.
For months this fleet of sailing ships with human cargo was tossed about on the stormy winter’s sea. At least one ship was wrecked and 470 immigrants died during the voyage. Another 250 succumbed after landing in New York on the 14th of June, 1710. After a period of quarantine on Nutten (now Governor’s Island, they proceeded upriver and settled on both sides of the Hudson, above Neuberg (New Town).

Johann Friedrich MARKLE and his  family emigrated in 1710 as refugees from the German Palatine. Their trek to the New World had led them by way of Holland and England  It is in the records of the Dutch Church at West Camp that we first find mention of the name “MERKEL”. It was here, on 26 Dec 1711, that a baby born on the ship “Globe” was baptized. It was Johan Adam Merkel, son of Fredrik Merkel and Barbara Alman.

30 June 1710
Martin BUCK’s name appears on the Second Ship List of 1710 of Palatine Refugees, arrival from London by 30 June 1710. This list is made up of the second half (62 names) of the 30 June 1710 subsistence list along with any who appear to have been part of their household. Interestingly, a Margretha Schmid appear immediately following Martin on this list.  Martin Buck’s name also appears on a list of  Palatine Heads of Families From Governor Hunter’s Ration Lists June, 1710 to September, 1714.

1763 – The Falls or 1764 – Prince of Wales
William McCAW was born about 1740 in  County Antrim, Northern Ireland.  According to family tradition, the McCaws were from Ballymoney, Antrim where a Presbyterian Conventer Church was located.   William and his family (including his son James McCAW) emigrated between 1762 when Elizabeth was born in County Antrim, Ireland and 1765 when Martha was born in Chester County, SC. Two ships sailed from Belfast to Charleston in that time period.  The Falls in 1763 and the Prince of Wales in 1764.

22 Dec 1772 – The Freemason
Samuel  Senton PATTERSON Sr, his wife  Mary and their first six children (including Samuel PATTERSON Jr.)  were part of a large group of Presbyterians who followed an emigration led by the Reverend William Martin in 1772.   The Pattersons sailed on The Freemason departing from Newry on 27 Oct 1772  and arrived in Charleston on 22 Dec 1772.  Samuel received a land grant of 350 acres in Abbeville District, South Carolina, 100 acres for himself and 50 acres for each child under 16.  His eldest daughter Mary received 100 acres.

There were five ships in the emigration led by Reverend William Martin, all of which sailed in 1772.  The first two sailed from Larne, the next two from Belfast, and the last one from Newry.   The emigrants settled throughout western South Carolina, many in the Abbeville area.  Reverend Martin himself settled in the general area of Abbeville, South Carolina (Rocky Creek in Chester County).  After the British burned his church in 1780, he took refuge in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina.

The James and Mary sailed first on August 25 from Larne. There was smallpox on board (five children died) when they arrived in Charleston harbor on October 16.  They were required to remain on board in quarantine, lying off Sullivan’s Island for over seven weeks, until the first part of December. “Ulster Emigration to Colonial America: 1718-1775″, page 253 by Dickson. “English America: American Plantations & Colonies”, by Thomas Langford, contains ship lists of voyages to English America from 1500 to 1825. See also “The Vessels, Voyages, Settlements, and People of English America 1500 – 1825″.

The next ship to sail was the Lord Dunluce that left Larne on October 4 and arrived in Charleston on December 20. This is the only ship that listed “Rev. Wm. Martin (Kellswater)” as an agent. The original sailing date was to have been Aug 15. The sailing was delayed until Aug 20, and then rescheduled for Sep 22. On Aug 28, the ship announced that passengers must give earnest money by Sep 5 since a greater number had offered to go than could betaken. On Sep 15, the ship advertised that, since some families had drawn back, two hundred more passengers could be accommodated. Reverend Martin was on this ship when it finally sailed on Oct 4. One man and several children died of small pox on the trip.

The Pennsylvania Farmer, whose destination had originally been advertised as Philadelphia, sailed from Belfast on Oct 16 and arrived in Charleston on December 19. (Dickson, page 248).   Aboard the Pennsylvania Farmer was Andrew Paterson (250 acres).

The Hopewell sailed from Belfast on October 19 and arrived in Charleston on December 23. (Dickson, page 248).   There were five Patersons aboard the Hopewell: Agnes (350 acres), Janet (100 acres), John (250 acres), John (100 acres), William (350 acres).

The Freemason sailed from Newry on October 27 and arrived in Charleston on December 22 (Dickson, page 252). Aboard the FreeMason were: Samuel Patterson (350 acres) and Mary Patterson (100 –  unable to pay). According to Council Journal 37, Province of South Carolina, under date of 6 Jan 1773, the brigantine Free Mason, out of Ireland (port not specified), discharged at Charles Town, South Carolina, the following among its Irish Protestant immigrant passengers who were authorized the amount of land, in South Carolina, indicated opposite their names:

In the Province of South Carolina in 1773, land was granted under the Crown, as follows: Single man or woman (16 yrs. of age or older) – 100 acres Married man or widow – 100 acres for self and 50 acres for each child under 16 years Married woman – none Samuel Paterson named above would have had five children under 16 years of age on his arrival.  Mary Patterson, referred to above, was 16 years of age or older and was single (or a widow with no eligible children).  Prior to this time, the “Bounty Act” had expired and no bounty could be paid to the individuals. There was, therefore, no list of the passengers for the purpose of determining “family rights”. Family members and other individual passengers who were not eligible (e.g., under 15) to petition for free land (still available under the eighth clause of the General Duty Act of June 14, 1751) are not listed. See “The Five Ships and the People who came with the Rev. Martin”. The names of the emigrants have been reconstructed from letters written home to Ulster and published in the paper and from extractions of the South Carolina Quarter Session Minutes, by Janie Revill and Jean Stephenson.

20 Aug 1773 – Elliott – under the command of John Waring.
Thomas Gibson CARSON immigrated in 1773 to Charleston, SC from Newry, Ulster, Ireland, sailing in the ship “Elliott” on June 30 and arriving on Aug 20, 1773.  It was a hard trip, and storms added sailing time. It is said it took four months to cross from Ireland to America. There were about 40 people in the group, including Carsons, McGoughs  (McGaw’s?) and McDowells, who were all friends and neighbors..

Oct 1783 – Duke of Richmond – 865 ton warship captained by Richard Davis.
Nathaniel PARKS and his family, including his son Jonathan PARKS, were evacuated from New York with The N.J. Volunteers  (known as Skinners Greens) to Canada arriving in Parrtown New Brunswick  in Oct 1783 aboard the Duke of Richmond (Parrtown was renamed Saint  Johns in 1785.  ”Saint” is written out to distinguish it from St. John’s Newfoundland.).  Nathaniel and his son Joseph enlisted in the loyalist 3rd Battalion, New Jersey Volunteers  on 6 June 1778.  Nathaniel was 40 when he enlisted and his son was 18 years old.Both Nathaniel and Joseph are on the battalion land grant list for King’s County, New Brunswick on 14 July 1784.

Parks, Nathaniel  w: Elizabeth Parlee. Child: John, Jonathan, David, Mary, Nathan, Sarah, Rachel. Fr: New Jersey ? Stl: St. Martins, NB, CA Reg: Sargent in 2nd, NJ Volun.

20 Jul 1927 –  President Wilson

On 20 Jul 1927, Effie Miner West (1899 – 1994) sailed from Alexandria, Egypt, aboard the S.S. President Wilson bound for New York where he arrived on 11 Aug 1927 with her husband Philip and son John following 4 years of missionary work in Abyssinia. Here is her passport application

Teacher & unmarried living w/ father Harvey Latta MINER at 3045 29th Street San Diego at time of application for passport with intention to travel aboard the S.S. Patria on 13 Jul 1922 to Abyssinia via Italy & Egypt to do missionary work.

President Truman – 1990’s

Mark MINER worked for American President Lines for many years.  In the 1980’s I helped organize the retirement party for the last passenger agent.   Up to 12 passengers were allowed on a freighter before a doctor was required onboard.  Alex Haley wrote Roots on an APL ship.

While the age of ocean passenger travel was long gone, I did get to ride the President Truman overnight from San Pedro to Oakland.  The single screw, powered by a single Sulzer diesel, 57,000 HP @ 95 RPM. was an impressive show of mechanical power.